Genome editing is a type of genetic engineering technique that allows researchers to modify an organism's DNA at specific locations. This technology has revolutionized the field of molecular biology and genetics by providing a precise and efficient way to make targeted changes to an organism's genetic code. There are several different genome editing tools available, with the most commonly used being CRISPR-Cas9. This system uses a guide RNA to target a specific sequence of DNA, allowing the Cas9 enzyme to make a double-strand break at that location. Researchers can then introduce a desired genetic change at the break site, such as correcting a mutation, introducing a new gene, or disrupting a gene's function. Genome editing has a wide range of applications in basic research, biotechnology, medicine, and agriculture. It has been used to create animal models of human diseases, develop new therapeutic approaches for genetic disorders, engineer crops with improved traits, and much more. However, genome editing also raises ethical and regulatory concerns, particularly regarding the potential for off-target effects and unintended consequences of genetic modifications.